1965
Submitted by nazirahmed on Mon, 05/19/2008 - 06:12.
- March: Indian government permits Abdullah and Afzal Beg to make the pilgrimage to Makkah. From there they decide to travel to Algiers via London to attend Afro-Asian Conference - which never takes place because of coup d'etat against regime. In London, they learn about arrest in Srinagar of 165 leaders and supporters of Plebiscite Front. Abdullah travels to Algiers where he meets Chinese Prime Minister Zhou En-lai, which causes widespread official and public anger in India. Abdullah's passport is cancelled and he is ordered to return.
- May 8: Abdullah turns down offer of Pakistani passport and arrives in New Delhi with Beg and is arrested and detained in Ootacumand, thousands of miles from Kashmir. Widespread protests in Valley and a near civil disobedience movement. After military clashes in Rann of Kutch, separating Pakistan's Sindh province from India's marshy Kutch region, Pakistan seems to get better of Indian troops. British mediation produces ceasefire.
- May 19: Major clash occurs on ceasefire line in Kashmir and 40 Pakistani troops are reported killed. June 30: Status quo ante agreement is signed between Pakistan and India and arbitration accepted in case the two sides fail to settle differences (dispute is finally settled in July 1969). More changes are introduced on April 10, State to integrate it further with Indian Union. Nomenclatures are changed to bring them in line with those prevailing elsewhere in India, with the Prime Minister now called Chief Minister and Sadar-i-Ryasat. Earlier in January, Indian National Congress, ruling party in Delhi, has established branch in Kashmir and Prime Minister G.M. Sadiq announced dissolution of National Conference and absorption of its membership in Indian National Congress.
- June-July: Incidents continue. There are increasing reports of infiltration from Azad Kashmir into Indian Kashmir. By first week of August, as part of 'Operation Gibraltar', an estimated 1,000 to 3,000 fighters (infiltrators to India;) have crossed over. A clandestine radio station calling itself Sada-i-Kashmir (The voice of Kashmir) starts broadcasting calling for uprising against Indian occupation.
- August 14-15: Indians attack Pakistani positions in Kargil in north Kashmir.
- August 16: 100,000 people march on Indian Parliament and demand action against so-called Pakistani "aggressors". Indian army captures important positions in Azad Kashmir's Titwal region and Uri-Poonch salient.
- September 1: Pakistani and Azad Kashmiri troops supported by armor cross the Pakistan-Jammu border near Chhamb and capture sizeable territory.
- September 6: India attacks Pakistan on two fronts near Lahore and Sialkot. Full-scale war breaks out though there is no formal declaration.
- September 9: UN Secretary General U.Thant travels to the subcontinent.
- September 17: USSR steps in to fill void and promote its international peace-making stature. Aleksei Kosygin writes to Ayub and Shastri proposing that they meet in Tashkent.
- September 23: After 14 days of intense fighting in which there is much loss of life on both sides, ceasefire is declared after Security Council demands one. In Security Council, Pakistan's Foreign Minister Z.A. Bhutto demands discussion of Kashmir question in near future or he will withdraw his delegation.
- October: In Srinagar demonstrations take place with student participation demanding plebiscite to decide future of State.
- October 10: Many leaders including Mirwaiz Mohammed Farooq are arrested and many others by October 21.
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