1951
Submitted by nazirahmed on Mon, 05/19/2008 - 05:38.
- January 15: Pakistan in its reply refutes Indian charges but concedes that some "independent tribesmen and persons from Pakistan are helping the Azad Kashmir government in their struggle". It files 10 counter-charges against India accusing it of having "obtained the accession of Kashmir through fraud and violence and large-scale massacre of Muslims". Pakistan requests Security Council to appoint a commission to "arrange for the cessation of fighting in Jammu and Kashmir and the withdrawal of all outsiders, whether belonging to Pakistan or the Indian Union". It also calls for a plebiscite when these steps have been taken "to determine whether the State should accede to India or Pakistan".
- January 17: Security Council in preliminary move asks both governments to recognise urgency of situation, take measures to improve it and report progress. On January 20, Security Council sets up three-member commission to investigate the two complaints.
- January 28: President of Council states that "the three ideas", (a) question of accession to be decided by plebiscite, (b) the plebiscite to be conducted under conditions ensuring complete impartiality and (c) hence to be held under the aegis of United Nations "are not disputed between the parties".
- August 10: White Paper issued by Government of India states "The Government of India are firmly of the view that whatever sovereign rights reverted to these (princely) States on the lapse of paramountcy, that is to say when the British sovereignty ceased to operate, they vest in the people and conditions must be created in every State for a free and unfettered exercise of these rights."
- August 13: Security Council passes resolution calling for ceasefire, truce and plebiscite and acceptance of certain principles. Pakistan agrees to withdraw troops and use its best endeavours to secure withdrawal of tribesmen and Pakistani nationals. Resolution says pending final solution, territory evacuated by these troops will be administered by local authorities under close Commission supervision. This is ipso facto recognition of Azad Kashmir government as "local authority". Once Pakistani troops and national are gone, India to begin to withdraw "bulk of its forces" in stages. Pending final settlement, India to maintain remaining forces for law and order. Pakistan and India asked to reaffirm commitment to plebiscite and to enter into consultations with Commission to determine fair and equitable conditions for free expression of people's will. India accepts while Pakistan expresses reservations regarding specific nature of carrying out of plebiscite.
- December 11: After extensive negotiations, both governments accept resolution which calls for free and impartial plebiscite in State, appointment of a Plebiscite Administrator, re-establishment of political and human rights and return of refugees. Question of final disposal of armed forces in State to be solved by Plebiscite Administrator in consultation with the two governments. Both governments agree to ceasefire in State from January 1, 1949 and appointment of 36 UN observers.
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